Module 19: The Future Tense and Making Predictions

In this module, we will cover the Future Tense, which is used to express actions that will happen or are expected to happen. You will learn how to conjugate verbs in the future tense, make predictions, and discuss future plans. This module will also introduce you to ways of expressing uncertainty about the future.

Lesson 1: The Future Tense – Formation

Forming the Future Tense:

To form the future tense in Spanish, you add specific endings directly to the infinitive form of the verb (just as with the conditional tense). These endings are the same for all verbs, whether they end in -ar, -er, or -ir.

Future Endings:

  • -é, -ás, -á, -emos, -án

 

Example with hablar (to speak):

  • Yo hablaré – I will speak
  • Tú hablarás – You will speak
  • Él/Ella hablará – He/She will speak
  • Nosotros hablaremos – We will speak
  • Ellos/Ellas hablarán – They will speak

 

Example with comer (to eat):

  • Yo comeré – I will eat
  • Tú comerás – You will eat
  • Él/Ella comerá – He/She will eat
  • Nosotros comeremos – We will eat
  • Ellos/Ellas comerán – They will eat

Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense:

Many common verbs have irregular stems in the future tense, but the endings remain the same as the regular future tense.

Examples:

  • tener (to have) → tendré (I will have)
  • hacer (to do/make) → haré (I will do/make)
  • decir (to say) → diré (I will say)
  • poder (to be able to) → podré (I will be able to)
  • venir (to come) → vendré (I will come)

 

Note: The stem changes, but the endings -é, -ás, etc., remain the same.

Using these irregular verbs in the future tense:

Tener (to have) → tendré

    • Tendré tiempo para ayudarte mañana. (I will have time to help you tomorrow.)

Hacer (to do/make) → haré

    • Haré todo lo posible para terminar el proyecto. (I will do everything possible to finish the project.)

Decir (to say) → diré

    • Te diré la verdad cuando llegues. (I will tell you the truth when you arrive.)

Poder (to be able to) → podré

    • Podré visitarte este fin de semana. (I will be able to visit you this weekend.)

Venir (to come) → vendré

    • Vendré a tu casa después del trabajo. (I will come to your house after work.)

Lesson 2: Using the Future Tense to Make Predictions

Making Predictions:

The Future Tense is often used to predict actions or events that will take place based on current knowledge or assumptions. These predictions could be about personal experiences, the weather, or even world events.

  • La fiesta será divertida. – The party will be fun.
  • Habrá una tormenta esta tarde. – There will be a storm this afternoon.
  • El viaje será increíble. – The trip will be amazing.

Using the Future Tense with “Creo que” (I think that):

When expressing uncertainty or making educated guesses about the future, you can use creo que (I think that) with the future tense.

  • Creo que ellos llegarán tarde. – I think that they will arrive late.
  • Creo que el clima mejorará. – I think the weather will improve.

Lesson 3: Expressing Future Actions with "Ir a"

Using "Ir a" + Infinitive:

The construction “ir a” + verb is another way to express future actions in Spanish, similar to the “going to” construction in English.

  • Voy a estudiar esta noche. – I am going to study tonight.
  • Vamos a comer en un restaurante. – We are going to eat at a restaurant.
  • Ellos van a viajar a México. – They are going to travel to Mexico.

Difference Between "ir a" and the Future Tense:

“Ir a” + infinitive tends to express plans or intentions, while the future tense can indicate a prediction, a decision, or something that will certainly happen in the future.

  • Voy a ir al cine. – I am going to the cinema.
  • Iré al cine. – I will go to the cinema.

Lesson 4: Talking About the Future Using the Present Tense

Using the Present Tense for Future Actions:

In Spanish, it is common to use the present tense to express future actions, especially in everyday conversations when the context makes the future clear.

  • Mañana estudio mucho. – I study a lot tomorrow.
  • Esta noche comemos juntos. – We eat together tonight.
  • ¿A qué hora sales? – What time do you leave?

 

This is a more informal way of expressing future actions and is often used in spoken Spanish.

Lesson 5: The Future Progressive Tense

Forming the Future Progressive Tense:

The Future Progressive is formed by using the future tense of the verb “estar” + the present participle (gerund) of the main verb.

Structure:

  • Estar in the future tense + present participle (verb + -ando or -iendo)

 

Example with hablar (to speak):

  • Estaré hablando – I will be speaking
  • Estarás hablando – You will be speaking
  • Él/Ella estará hablando – He/She will be speaking

 

Example with comer (to eat):

  • Estaré comiendo – I will be eating
  • Estarás comiendo – You will be eating
  • Él/Ella estará comiendo – He/She will be eating

Usage of the Future Progressive:

The Future Progressive is used to describe actions that will be ongoing at a certain point in the future, often with emphasis on the process or duration of the activity.

  • A esta hora, estaré trabajando. – At this time, I will be working.
  • Estaremos viajando a las dos. – We will be traveling at two o’clock.

End of Module 19: Review

By the end of this module, you will have a solid understanding of how to express future actions using the Future Tense and Future Progressive Tense. You will be able to make predictions, talk about future plans, and express actions that will be in progress at a specific point in the future. Mastery of these tenses will allow you to speak about upcoming events and express uncertainty in a wide variety of situations.