Module 8: Expressing Future Actions and Hypotheticals

In this module, we’ll focus on expressing future actions, plans, and possibilities. You will learn how to talk about what will happen using future tenses, and you will also dive into the use of conditional sentences, which express hypothetical situations, wishes, and polite requests. Mastering these concepts will allow you to discuss future plans, express desires, and make polite suggestions.

Lesson 1: The Future Tense (Futuro Simple)

What is the Future Tense?

The future tense is used to describe actions that are going to happen or things that will occur.

Regular Future Tense Conjugation:

The future tense is formed by adding the future endings to the infinitive verb (no need to remove the -ar, -er, or -ir endings).

Hablar – to Speak

  • Yo hablaré – I will speak
  • Tú hablarás – You will speak
  • Él/Ella hablará – He/She will speak
  • Nosotros hablaremos – We will speak
  • Ellos/Ellas hablarán – They will speak

 

Comer – to Eat

  • Yo comeré – I will eat
  • Tú comerás – You will eat
  • Él/Ella comerá – He/She will eat
  • Nosotros comeremos – We will eat
  • Ellos/Ellas comerán – They will eat

 

Vivir – to Live

  • Yo viviré – I will live
  • Tú vivirás – You will live
  • Él/Ella vivirá – He/She will live
  • Nosotros viviremos – We will live
  • Ellos/Ellas vivirán – They will live

Usage of the Future Tense:

The future tense can also be used to express probability, guesses, or assumptions about the present.

  • ¿Dónde estará Juan? – Where could Juan be? (Guessing or assuming)
  • Seguramente va a llover. – It will probably rain. (Future prediction)

For commonly used Spanish verbs and their conjugation in the Future Tense, click here.

Lesson 2: The Near Future (Futuro Próximo)

What is the Near Future?

The near future is used when talking about actions that will happen very soon, usually referring to plans that are already decided.

Forming the Near Future:

The near future is formed with the verb ir (to go) in the present tense + a + the infinitive verb.

  • Voy a estudiar mañana. – I am going to study tomorrow.
  • Vamos a viajar en agosto. – We are going to travel in August.

Lesson 3: The Conditional Tense (Condicional)

What is the Conditional Tense?

The conditional tense is used to talk about hypothetical actions or events, express wishes, or make polite requests. It can also express what you would do in certain situations.

Regular Conditional Tense Conjugation:

The conditional is formed by adding the conditional endings to the infinitive verb (just like the future tense).

Hablar (to speak)

  • Yo hablaría – I would speak
  • Tú hablarías – You would speak
  • Él/Ella hablaría – He/She would speak
  • Nosotros hablaríamos – We would speak
  • Ellos/Ellas hablarían – They would speak

 

Comer (to eat)

  • Yo comería – I would eat
  • Tú comerías – You would eat
  • Él/Ella comería – He/She would eat
  • Nosotros comeríamos – We would eat
  • Ellos/Ellas comerían – They would eat

 

Vivir (to live)

  • Yo viviría – I would live
  • Tú vivirías – You would live
  • Él/Ella viviría – He/She would live
  • Nosotros viviríamos – We would live
  • Ellos/Ellas vivirían – They would live

Lesson 4: Expressing Hypothetical Situations (Si Clauses)

What are Si Clauses?

Si clauses (if clauses) are used to talk about conditions and their possible results. They are important for expressing hypothetical situations and possibilities.

Forming Si Clauses:

First type of conditional (possible future condition): Si + present tense, future tense

    • Si estudio mucho, aprobaré el examen. – If I study a lot, I will pass the exam.

 

Second type of conditional (unlikely situation): Si + imperfect subjunctive, conditional

    • Si tuviera el dinero, viajaría por el mundo. – If I had the money, I would travel the world.

 

Third type of conditional (impossible situation): Si + pluscuamperfecto subjunctive, conditional perfect

    • Si hubieras estudiado, habrías aprobado el examen. – If you had studied, you would have passed the exam.

Lesson 5: Expressing Wishes and Desires

Expressing Wishes:

In Spanish, we use the subjunctive mood to express wishes, desires, and hopes.

  • Ojalá que me den el trabajo. – I hope they give me the job.
  • Quiero que vengas a mi fiesta. – I want you to come to my party.

Polite Requests and Offers:

The conditional tense is often used to make polite requests or offers.

  • ¿Podrías ayudarme? – Could you help me?
  • Me gustaría un café, por favor. – I would like a coffee, please.

Lesson 6: Talking About Future Possibilities and Uncertainty

Using the Future Tense for Probability:

The future tense can be used to express something that is likely to happen, even though we are uncertain.

  • Estará en casa a esta hora. – He/She will probably be at home by this time.
  • ¿Qué hora será? – What time could it be?

Using the Conditional for Speculation:

The conditional is also used to express conjecture or speculation about the present or past.

  • Estaría en casa ahora. – He/She would be at home right now.
  • Sería las tres cuando salió. – It must have been three o’clock when he/she left.

End of Module 8: Review

By the end of this module, you will be able to talk confidently about future events, express hypothetical situations, make polite requests, and speculate about the future or past. Understanding both the future and conditional tenses will give you the ability to discuss plans, express desires, and hypothesize about what could have happened or might happen.